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\data\alt\turcet
 Proto-Turkic Altaic etymology Meaning Russian meaning Old Turkic Karakhanid Turkish Tatar Middle Turkic Uzbek Uighur Sary-Yughur Azerbaidzhan Turkmen Khakassian Shor Oyrat Halaj Chuvash Yakut Dolgan Tuva Tofalar Kirghiz Kazakh Noghai Bashkir Balkar Gagauz Karaim Karakalpak Salar Kumyk Comments
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ko"face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"thisface="Times New Roman Star"этот






face="Times New Roman Star"gu, go





face="Times New Roman Star"ko, kъv











face="Times New Roman Star"ku
face="Times New Roman Star"Федотов 1, 300-302, Левитская 32-34. Cf. the OT (Orkh., OUygh., MK) emphatic nominal suffix -oq.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jEgit / *jigitface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"young man, brave manface="Times New Roman Star"юноша, храбрецface="Times New Roman Star"jigit (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"jigit (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"jijitface="Times New Roman Star"jegetface="Times New Roman Star"jigit (AH, Ettuhf.)face="Times New Roman Star"jigitface="Times New Roman Star"jigitface="Times New Roman Star"jigit, jigyt, jygytface="Times New Roman Star"igitface="Times New Roman Star"jigitface="Times New Roman Star"c?i:tface="Times New Roman Star"c?in|etface="Times New Roman Star"d/i:t




face="Times New Roman Star"n/i:tface="Times New Roman Star"z?|igitface="Times New Roman Star"z?igitface="Times New Roman Star"jigitface="Times New Roman Star"jegetface="Times New Roman Star"z?|igit, zigitface="Times New Roman Star"i:tface="Times New Roman Star"igitface="Times New Roman Star"z?igitface="Times New Roman Star"jihit, ix|itface="Times New Roman Star"jigit, igitface="Times New Roman Star"EDT 911, VEWT 203, TMN 4, 185, ЭСТЯ 4, 198-199, Лексика 301. Turk. > WMong. jigede, Kalm. je:d@ (KW 218).
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kor/yface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"lambface="Times New Roman Star"ягненокface="Times New Roman Star"qozy (quzy) (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"qozy (quzy) (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"kuzuface="Times New Roman Star"quzy (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"qozy (R.), qozu (Houts.)face="Times New Roman Star"qu.ziface="Times New Roman Star"qozaface="Times New Roman Star"quzy, qozy, qozaface="Times New Roman Star"Guzuface="Times New Roman Star"Guzy


face="Times New Roman Star"quzy




face="Times New Roman Star"qozuface="Times New Roman Star"qozyface="Times New Roman Star"qozy
face="Times New Roman Star"qozuface="Times New Roman Star"quzuface="Times New Roman Star"qozuface="Times New Roman Star"qozyface="Times New Roman Star"qo:zaface="Times New Roman Star"qozu (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 285, EDT 681, Лексика 433, ЭСТЯ 6, 108-109.
face="Times New Roman Star"*toklyface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"lamb (6m. old)face="Times New Roman Star"ягненок до полугода
face="Times New Roman Star"toqly (MK, IM)face="Times New Roman Star"tokluface="Times New Roman Star"tuqty; tug|ys? 'a 1-year-old elk' (КСТТ)face="Times New Roman Star"tog|ly (Pav. C.),(MKypch.) toqly (Houts.)face="Times New Roman Star"to.qli
face="Times New Roman Star"toqtyface="Times New Roman Star"toGluface="Times New Roman Star"toqly


face="Times New Roman Star"tog|ly
face="Times New Roman Star"tugut 'calf, foal'face="Times New Roman Star"tugut 'calf, foal'face="Times New Roman Star"tog|du; tos? '1-year-old elk'face="Times New Roman Star"dos? '1-year-old elk' (Рас. ФиЛ)face="Times New Roman Star"toqtuface="Times New Roman Star"toqtyface="Times New Roman Star"toqlyface="Times New Roman Star"tuqtyface="Times New Roman Star"toqluface="Times New Roman Star"toqlu
face="Times New Roman Star"toqly
face="Times New Roman Star"toqluface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 485, TMN 2, 524, EDT 469, Лексика 434, Stachowski 229. Turk. > Hung. toklyo/ 'lamb', see Gombocz 1912.
face="Times New Roman Star"*(i)a>baface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"poison; evilface="Times New Roman Star"яд; досада, гнев














face="Times New Roman Star"aba; aba-r- 'to be angry'face="Times New Roman Star"abala:- 'to be angry'face="Times New Roman Star"o: 'poison; ferret's musk'










face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 9, Рясянен 1955, 67, ЭСТЯ I 67, Stachowski 27. The root is very close to another one, *a:gu (v. sub *a:/gi), with the same meaning; the reflexes may be phonetically distinguished in Yak. and Tuva (Tuva *agu > a:, cf. Tof. a: 'poison'), in other languages the two roots must have coincided.
face="Times New Roman Star"*dyl / *dilface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"tongue; languageface="Times New Roman Star"языкface="Times New Roman Star"tyl (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"tyl (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"dilface="Times New Roman Star"telface="Times New Roman Star"til (Abush., Sangl.)face="Times New Roman Star"tilface="Times New Roman Star"tilface="Times New Roman Star"dylface="Times New Roman Star"dilface="Times New Roman Star"dilface="Times New Roman Star"t@lface="Times New Roman Star"tilface="Times New Roman Star"tilface="Times New Roman Star"tilface="Times New Roman Star"c?@lg|e; c?@l@x 'пищик в гармошке'face="Times New Roman Star"tylface="Times New Roman Star"tylface="Times New Roman Star"dylface="Times New Roman Star"dyl, tylface="Times New Roman Star"tilface="Times New Roman Star"tilface="Times New Roman Star"tilface="Times New Roman Star"telface="Times New Roman Star"tilface="Times New Roman Star"dil/face="Times New Roman Star"tyl, tilface="Times New Roman Star"tilface="Times New Roman Star"cilface="Times New Roman Star"tilface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 478, EDT 489-90, ЭСТЯ 3, 228-229, Егоров 323, Лексика 227, Stachowski 237.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jumurtkaface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"eggface="Times New Roman Star"яйцоface="Times New Roman Star"jumurtg|a, jumurg|a (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"jumurtg|a (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"jumurtaface="Times New Roman Star"jomyrqaface="Times New Roman Star"jumurtg|a (Sangl.)face="Times New Roman Star"jumurtqa (dial.)
face="Times New Roman Star"jomutface="Times New Roman Star"jumurtaface="Times New Roman Star"jumurtGaface="Times New Roman Star"nymyrxaface="Times New Roman Star"nybyrtqa, nuburtqa (Верб.)face="Times New Roman Star"d/ymyrtqaface="Times New Roman Star"jumurqaface="Times New Roman Star"s/ъw|mardaface="Times New Roman Star"symy:tface="Times New Roman Star"hymy:tface="Times New Roman Star"c?uurg|aface="Times New Roman Star"n/umurxaface="Times New Roman Star"z?|umurtqaface="Times New Roman Star"z?u_myrtqaface="Times New Roman Star"jumyrtqaface="Times New Roman Star"jomortqaface="Times New Roman Star"zumurtqaface="Times New Roman Star"jymyrtaface="Times New Roman Star"jymyrta, imyrtxaface="Times New Roman Star"z?umurtqaface="Times New Roman Star"jymu:(r)ddaface="Times New Roman Star"jymyrtqaface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 211, EDT 938, ЭСТЯ 4, 250-251, Лексика 149, Stachowski 118.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kotur/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"yakface="Times New Roman Star"як
face="Times New Roman Star"qotuz (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"xotozface="Times New Roman Star"qutaz (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"qotas (Pav. C.), qutuz (AH)face="Times New Roman Star"qo.tasface="Times New Roman Star"qotaz
face="Times New Roman Star"Gotazface="Times New Roman Star"Gotaz








face="Times New Roman Star"qotos




face="Times New Roman Star"qutas


face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 608, ЭСТЯ 6, 81-82.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kebru"c?face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"ash treeface="Times New Roman Star"ясень
face="Times New Roman Star"kevrik 'hornbeam' (Vitex agnus castus) (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ru"c?, ku"vru"c? (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"qoryc?-ag|ac?



face="Times New Roman Star"go"jru"s?




face="Times New Roman Star"kavъrъs/, kavrъs/ > Hung. ko:'ris





face="Times New Roman Star"ku"jris?face="Times New Roman Star"qoros-ag|asface="Times New Roman Star"ku"ru"c?, Balk. ku"jru"c?



face="Times New Roman Star"gu"jru"c?face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 690, VEWT 245, ЭСТЯ 5, 152, Лексика 136, Bla"sing 2002. Volga-Turkic languages have a secondary vowel assimilation due to the compound with ag|ac?. Cf. also Osset. ka"rz(a") < Turk., see Abayev 1, 587-588; on Hung. ko?ris < Turk. see Gombocz 1912.
face="Times New Roman Star"*an/ar/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"clear sky; frostface="Times New Roman Star"ясное небо; морозface="Times New Roman Star"ajaz (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"ajas (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"ajazface="Times New Roman Star"ajazface="Times New Roman Star"ajaz (Sangl.), ajaz, ajas (CCum.)face="Times New Roman Star"ajo|zface="Times New Roman Star"ajazface="Times New Roman Star"ajasface="Times New Roman Star"ajazface="Times New Roman Star"ajazface="Times New Roman Star"ajasface="Times New Roman Star"ajasface="Times New Roman Star"ajas; ajyz (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"haja:zface="Times New Roman Star"ojar

face="Times New Roman Star"ajas
face="Times New Roman Star"ajazface="Times New Roman Star"ajazface="Times New Roman Star"ajazface="Times New Roman Star"ajad|face="Times New Roman Star"ajazface="Times New Roman Star"ajazface="Times New Roman Star"ajaz/s

face="Times New Roman Star"ajazface="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 1, 102-3; VEWT 11; TMN 2, 170; Лексика 13, Федотов 2, 298. A different suffixation is seen in Tur. (dial.) ajam, Kaz., Kirgh. ajyq 'clear (weather'). A derivative *an/-gyr/- (pointing to original *-n/-) is found in Kaz. an|yzaq, Turkm. an|zaq 'cold with dry wind' (see ЭСТЯ ibid.).
face="Times New Roman Star"*bElinface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"hawkface="Times New Roman Star"ястреб




face="Times New Roman Star"belin (Chag.)

face="Times New Roman Star"beli-baGly















face="Times New Roman Star"belin|


face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 69.
face="Times New Roman Star"*arpaface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"barleyface="Times New Roman Star"ячменьface="Times New Roman Star"arpa (OUygh.), abra (late OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"arpa (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"arpaface="Times New Roman Star"arpaface="Times New Roman Star"arpa (Sangl.)face="Times New Roman Star"arpaface="Times New Roman Star"a(r)pa
face="Times New Roman Star"arpaface="Times New Roman Star"arpaface="Times New Roman Star"arba
face="Times New Roman Star"arbaface="Times New Roman Star"arpaface="Times New Roman Star"orba



face="Times New Roman Star"arpaface="Times New Roman Star"arpaface="Times New Roman Star"arpaface="Times New Roman Star"arpaface="Times New Roman Star"arpaface="Times New Roman Star"arpaface="Times New Roman Star"arpaface="Times New Roman Star"arpaface="Times New Roman Star"arfa (ССЯ 292)face="Times New Roman Star"arpaface="Times New Roman Star"EDT 198, VEWT 27, ЭСТЯ 1, 176-177, TMN 2, 24, Лексика 460, Егоров 27, Федотов 2, 286. Turk. > Hung. a/rpa, see Gombocz 1912.
face="Times New Roman Star"*keler / *keler/ / *kelteface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"lizardface="Times New Roman Star"ящерица
face="Times New Roman Star"keler (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"keler (dial.), kelez (dial.), kelte-keler (dial.)
face="Times New Roman Star"keles (MA)face="Times New Roman Star"ka"lti-ka"las, ka"lo|s (dial.), ka"lta" (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"kile|r (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"kesilk@face="Times New Roman Star"kelez, ka"la"z
face="Times New Roman Star"kilesk@face="Times New Roman Star"keleskenface="Times New Roman Star"keleski
face="Times New Roman Star"kalda

face="Times New Roman Star"xeleske










face="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 5, 30-32, 34, Лексика 180-181; *keler/ > Mong. keles, see Щербак 1997, 126. Despite ЭСТЯ the Chuv. form cannot be borrowed from Tat; rather, vice versa, some Volga-Qypchaq languages have borrowed the Bulg. word.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Komtaface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"boxface="Times New Roman Star"ящик


face="Times New Roman Star"qumta





face="Times New Roman Star"xomdy
face="Times New Roman Star"qomda



face="Times New Roman Star"x|omdu



face="Times New Roman Star"qumta





face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 279, ЭСТЯ 6, 6. Relation to Mong. qobdu is hardly possible.
face="Times New Roman Star"*u"kekface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"boxface="Times New Roman Star"ящик, сундук
face="Times New Roman Star"u"kek (MK)












face="Times New Roman Star"u"gex 'stockroom'
face="Times New Roman Star"u"gek 'kennel; basket'
face="Times New Roman Star"u"ko"k

face="Times New Roman Star"o"ka"le|k 'store, stall'





face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 105, VEWT 370, Лексика 521. Derivation from *o":k- 'to heap up' (v. sub *o:/k`e\), see Аникин 579-580 with lit., is dubious, primarily for semantic reasons.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bekem
face="Times New Roman Star"wood hen










face="Times New Roman Star"pigem 'самка глухаря'face="Times New Roman Star"pegem 'самка глухаря'face="Times New Roman Star"pegem 'тетерев' (Баск. Леб.)















face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 382.
face="Times New Roman Star"{*ebeface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"good

face="Times New Roman Star"yemet / evetface="Times New Roman Star"? evet 'yes, well'










face="Times New Roman Star"avan













face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 935.}
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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