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▴ Proto-Turkic▴ Altaic etymology▴ Meaning▴ Russian meaning▴ Old Turkic▴ Karakhanid▴ Turkish▴ Tatar▴ Middle Turkic▴ Uzbek▴ Uighur▴ Sary-Yughur▴ Azerbaidzhan▴ Turkmen▴ Khakassian▴ Shor▴ Oyrat▴ Halaj▴ Chuvash▴ Yakut▴ Dolgan▴ Tuva▴ Tofalar▴ Kirghiz▴ Kazakh▴ Noghai▴ Bashkir▴ Balkar▴ Gagauz▴ Karaim▴ Karakalpak▴ Salar▴ Kumyk▴ Commentsface="Times New Roman Star"*Ko" face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"this face="Times New Roman Star"этот face="Times New Roman Star"gu, go face="Times New Roman Star"ko , kъv face="Times New Roman Star"ku face="Times New Roman Star"Федотов 1, 300-302, Левитская 32-34. Cf. the OT (Orkh., OUygh., MK ) emphatic nominal suffix -oq.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jEgit / *jigit face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"young man, brave man face="Times New Roman Star"юноша, храбрец face="Times New Roman Star"jigit (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"jigit (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"jijit face="Times New Roman Star"jeget face="Times New Roman Star"jigit (AH , Ettuhf. ) face="Times New Roman Star"jigit face="Times New Roman Star"jigit face="Times New Roman Star"jigit, jigyt, jygyt face="Times New Roman Star"igit face="Times New Roman Star"jigit face="Times New Roman Star"c?i:t face="Times New Roman Star"c?in|et face="Times New Roman Star"d/i:t face="Times New Roman Star"n/i:t face="Times New Roman Star"z?|igit face="Times New Roman Star"z?igit face="Times New Roman Star"jigit face="Times New Roman Star"jeget face="Times New Roman Star"z?|igit, zigit face="Times New Roman Star"i:t face="Times New Roman Star"igit face="Times New Roman Star"z?igit face="Times New Roman Star"jihit, ix|it face="Times New Roman Star"jigit, igit face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 911, VEWT 203, TMN 4, 185, ЭСТЯ 4, 198-199, Лексика 301. Turk. > WMong. jigede, Kalm. je:d@ (KW 218).
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kor/y face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"lamb face="Times New Roman Star"ягненок face="Times New Roman Star"qozy (quzy) (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"qozy (quzy) (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"kuzu face="Times New Roman Star"quzy (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"qozy (R.), qozu (Houts. ) face="Times New Roman Star"qu.zi face="Times New Roman Star"qoza face="Times New Roman Star"quzy, qozy, qoza face="Times New Roman Star"Guzu face="Times New Roman Star"Guzy face="Times New Roman Star"quzy face="Times New Roman Star"qozu face="Times New Roman Star"qozy face="Times New Roman Star"qozy face="Times New Roman Star"qozu face="Times New Roman Star"quzu face="Times New Roman Star"qozu face="Times New Roman Star"qozy face="Times New Roman Star"qo:za face="Times New Roman Star"qozu (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 285, EDT 681, Лексика 433, ЭСТЯ 6, 108-109.
face="Times New Roman Star"*tokly face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"lamb (6m. old) face="Times New Roman Star"ягненок до полугода face="Times New Roman Star"toqly (MK , IM ) face="Times New Roman Star"toklu face="Times New Roman Star"tuqty; tug|ys? 'a 1-year-old elk' (КСТТ ) face="Times New Roman Star"tog|ly (Pav. C. ),(MKypch.) toqly (Houts. ) face="Times New Roman Star"to.qli face="Times New Roman Star"toqty face="Times New Roman Star"toGlu face="Times New Roman Star"toqly face="Times New Roman Star"tog|ly face="Times New Roman Star"tugut 'calf, foal' face="Times New Roman Star"tugut 'calf, foal' face="Times New Roman Star"tog|du; tos? '1-year-old elk' face="Times New Roman Star"dos? '1-year-old elk' (Рас. ФиЛ ) face="Times New Roman Star"toqtu face="Times New Roman Star"toqty face="Times New Roman Star"toqly face="Times New Roman Star"tuqty face="Times New Roman Star"toqlu face="Times New Roman Star"toqlu face="Times New Roman Star"toqly face="Times New Roman Star"toqlu face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 485, TMN 2, 524, EDT 469, Лексика 434, Stachowski 229. Turk. > Hung. toklyo/ 'lamb', see Gombocz 1912 .
face="Times New Roman Star"*(i)a>ba face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"poison; evil face="Times New Roman Star"яд; досада, гнев face="Times New Roman Star"aba; aba-r- 'to be angry' face="Times New Roman Star"abala:- 'to be angry' face="Times New Roman Star"o: 'poison; ferret's musk' face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 9, Рясянен 1955 , 67, ЭСТЯ I 67, Stachowski 27. The root is very close to another one, *a:gu (v. sub *a:/gi ), with the same meaning; the reflexes may be phonetically distinguished in Yak. and Tuva (Tuva *agu > a:, cf. Tof. a: 'poison'), in other languages the two roots must have coincided.
face="Times New Roman Star"*dyl / *dil face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"tongue; language face="Times New Roman Star"язык face="Times New Roman Star"tyl (Orkh., OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"tyl (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"dil face="Times New Roman Star"tel face="Times New Roman Star"til (Abush. , Sangl. ) face="Times New Roman Star"til face="Times New Roman Star"til face="Times New Roman Star"dyl face="Times New Roman Star"dil face="Times New Roman Star"dil face="Times New Roman Star"t@l face="Times New Roman Star"til face="Times New Roman Star"til face="Times New Roman Star"til face="Times New Roman Star"c?@lg|e; c?@l@x 'пищик в гармошке' face="Times New Roman Star"tyl face="Times New Roman Star"tyl face="Times New Roman Star"dyl face="Times New Roman Star"dyl, tyl face="Times New Roman Star"til face="Times New Roman Star"til face="Times New Roman Star"til face="Times New Roman Star"tel face="Times New Roman Star"til face="Times New Roman Star"dil/ face="Times New Roman Star"tyl, til face="Times New Roman Star"til face="Times New Roman Star"cil face="Times New Roman Star"til face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 478, EDT 489-90, ЭСТЯ 3, 228-229, Егоров 323, Лексика 227, Stachowski 237.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jumurtka face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"egg face="Times New Roman Star"яйцо face="Times New Roman Star"jumurtg|a, jumurg|a (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"jumurtg|a (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"jumurta face="Times New Roman Star"jomyrqa face="Times New Roman Star"jumurtg|a (Sangl. ) face="Times New Roman Star"jumurtqa (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"jomut face="Times New Roman Star"jumurta face="Times New Roman Star"jumurtGa face="Times New Roman Star"nymyrxa face="Times New Roman Star"nybyrtqa, nuburtqa (Верб. ) face="Times New Roman Star"d/ymyrtqa face="Times New Roman Star"jumurqa face="Times New Roman Star"s/ъw|marda face="Times New Roman Star"symy:t face="Times New Roman Star"hymy:t face="Times New Roman Star"c?uurg|a face="Times New Roman Star"n/umurxa face="Times New Roman Star"z?|umurtqa face="Times New Roman Star"z?u_myrtqa face="Times New Roman Star"jumyrtqa face="Times New Roman Star"jomortqa face="Times New Roman Star"zumurtqa face="Times New Roman Star"jymyrta face="Times New Roman Star"jymyrta, imyrtxa face="Times New Roman Star"z?umurtqa face="Times New Roman Star"jymu:(r)dda face="Times New Roman Star"jymyrtqa face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 211, EDT 938, ЭСТЯ 4, 250-251, Лексика 149, Stachowski 118.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kotur/ face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"yak face="Times New Roman Star"як face="Times New Roman Star"qotuz (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"xotoz face="Times New Roman Star"qutaz (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"qotas (Pav. C. ), qutuz (AH ) face="Times New Roman Star"qo.tas face="Times New Roman Star"qotaz face="Times New Roman Star"Gotaz face="Times New Roman Star"Gotaz face="Times New Roman Star"qotos face="Times New Roman Star"qutas face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 608, ЭСТЯ 6, 81-82.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kebru"c? face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"ash tree face="Times New Roman Star"ясень face="Times New Roman Star"kevrik 'hornbeam' (Vitex agnus castus) (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ru"c?, ku"vru"c? (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"qoryc?-ag|ac? face="Times New Roman Star"go"jru"s? face="Times New Roman Star"kavъrъs/, kavrъs/ > Hung. ko:'ris face="Times New Roman Star"ku"jris? face="Times New Roman Star"qoros-ag|as face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ru"c?, Balk. ku"jru"c? face="Times New Roman Star"gu"jru"c? face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 690, VEWT 245, ЭСТЯ 5, 152, Лексика 136, Bla"sing 2002 . Volga-Turkic languages have a secondary vowel assimilation due to the compound with ag|ac?. Cf. also Osset. ka"rz(a") < Turk., see Abayev 1, 587-588; on Hung. ko?ris < Turk. see Gombocz 1912 .
face="Times New Roman Star"*an/ar/ face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"clear sky; frost face="Times New Roman Star"ясное небо; мороз face="Times New Roman Star"ajaz (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"ajas (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"ajaz face="Times New Roman Star"ajaz face="Times New Roman Star"ajaz (Sangl. ), ajaz, ajas (CCum .) face="Times New Roman Star"ajo|z face="Times New Roman Star"ajaz face="Times New Roman Star"ajas face="Times New Roman Star"ajaz face="Times New Roman Star"ajaz face="Times New Roman Star"ajas face="Times New Roman Star"ajas face="Times New Roman Star"ajas; ajyz (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"haja:z face="Times New Roman Star"ojar face="Times New Roman Star"ajas face="Times New Roman Star"ajaz face="Times New Roman Star"ajaz face="Times New Roman Star"ajaz face="Times New Roman Star"ajad| face="Times New Roman Star"ajaz face="Times New Roman Star"ajaz face="Times New Roman Star"ajaz/s face="Times New Roman Star"ajaz face="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 1, 102-3; VEWT 11; TMN 2, 170; Лексика 13, Федотов 2, 298. A different suffixation is seen in Tur. (dial.) ajam, Kaz., Kirgh. ajyq 'clear (weather'). A derivative *an/-gyr/- (pointing to original *-n/-) is found in Kaz. an|yzaq, Turkm. an|zaq 'cold with dry wind' (see ЭСТЯ ibid.).
face="Times New Roman Star"*bElin face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"hawk face="Times New Roman Star"ястреб face="Times New Roman Star"belin (Chag.) face="Times New Roman Star"beli-baGly face="Times New Roman Star"belin| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 69.
face="Times New Roman Star"*arpa face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"barley face="Times New Roman Star"ячмень face="Times New Roman Star"arpa (OUygh.), abra (late OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"arpa (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"arpa face="Times New Roman Star"arpa face="Times New Roman Star"arpa (Sangl. ) face="Times New Roman Star"arpa face="Times New Roman Star"a(r)pa face="Times New Roman Star"arpa face="Times New Roman Star"arpa face="Times New Roman Star"arba face="Times New Roman Star"arba face="Times New Roman Star"arpa face="Times New Roman Star"orba face="Times New Roman Star"arpa face="Times New Roman Star"arpa face="Times New Roman Star"arpa face="Times New Roman Star"arpa face="Times New Roman Star"arpa face="Times New Roman Star"arpa face="Times New Roman Star"arpa face="Times New Roman Star"arpa face="Times New Roman Star"arfa (ССЯ 292) face="Times New Roman Star"arpa face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 198, VEWT 27, ЭСТЯ 1, 176-177, TMN 2, 24, Лексика 460, Егоров 27, Федотов 2, 286. Turk. > Hung. a/rpa, see Gombocz 1912 .
face="Times New Roman Star"*keler / *keler/ / *kelte face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"lizard face="Times New Roman Star"ящерица face="Times New Roman Star"keler (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"keler (dial.), kelez (dial.), kelte-keler (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"keles (MA ) face="Times New Roman Star"ka"lti-ka"las, ka"lo|s (dial.), ka"lta" (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"kile|r (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"kesilk@ face="Times New Roman Star"kelez, ka"la"z face="Times New Roman Star"kilesk@ face="Times New Roman Star"kelesken face="Times New Roman Star"keleski face="Times New Roman Star"kalda face="Times New Roman Star"xeleske face="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 5, 30-32, 34, Лексика 180-181; *keler/ > Mong. keles, see Щербак 1997 , 126. Despite ЭСТЯ the Chuv. form cannot be borrowed from Tat; rather, vice versa, some Volga-Qypchaq languages have borrowed the Bulg. word.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Komta face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"box face="Times New Roman Star"ящик face="Times New Roman Star"qumta face="Times New Roman Star"xomdy face="Times New Roman Star"qomda face="Times New Roman Star"x|omdu face="Times New Roman Star"qumta face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 279, ЭСТЯ 6, 6. Relation to Mong. qobdu is hardly possible.
face="Times New Roman Star"*u"kek face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"box face="Times New Roman Star"ящик, сундук face="Times New Roman Star"u"kek (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"u"gex 'stockroom' face="Times New Roman Star"u"gek 'kennel; basket' face="Times New Roman Star"u"ko"k face="Times New Roman Star"o"ka"le|k 'store, stall' face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 105, VEWT 370, Лексика 521. Derivation from *o":k- 'to heap up' (v. sub *o:/k`e\ ), see Аникин 579-580 with lit., is dubious, primarily for semantic reasons.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bekem face="Times New Roman Star"wood hen face="Times New Roman Star"pigem 'самка глухаря' face="Times New Roman Star"pegem 'самка глухаря' face="Times New Roman Star"pegem 'тетерев' (Баск. Леб. ) face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 382.
face="Times New Roman Star"{*ebe face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"good face="Times New Roman Star"yemet / evet face="Times New Roman Star"? evet 'yes, well' face="Times New Roman Star"avan face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 935.}
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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